Like what you read? If the contract of carriage includes transit costs, and/or unloading at the discharge port then these costs are for the seller. Free alongside ship (FAS) is a contractual term in the export trade that obligates a seller to deliver to a port and next to a designated vessel. Then, in 1990, it was changed to CFR by Incoterms, a set of commercial trade rules established by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC), after users complained of difficulties adding the ampersand symbol in telex messages and other technology used in the 1970s and 1980s. Para que não haja enganos quanto as datas de atualização, é importante destacar que a última atualização dos Incoterms foi em 2020, ou seja, os, LI Retificação e Prorrogação de Prazo: veja mais, Dicas para melhorar a produtividade na hora de emitir a DU-E, Exportação indireta: How to da DU-E desta modalidade, Tenha mais produtividade na hora de emitir a DU-E de Consumo de Bordo, Veja como diminuir tempo na emissão da DU-E. Informar quem é o responsável pelo frete; INCOTERM CFR se enquadra no transporte aquaviário; Embalagem, Identificação e Carga na Origem, Transporte Interno e Seguro no país de origem, Inspeção e Peritagem (deve ser compartilhada com o Comprador / Importador), Burocracias Alfandegárias, Armazenamento e Despesas com o embarque e estiva, Transporte Internacional e Descarga no país de destino, Inspeção e Peritagem (deve ser compartilhada com o Vendedor / Exportador), Descarga, Manuseio e Armazenagem no país de destino, Burocracias Alfandegárias e Direitos da Importação, Transporte Interno, Seguro e Descarga da mercadoria no seu local. The risk of loss or damage transfers to the buyer once the seller loads the items onto the vessel, but before the main transportation occurs. Definición del incoterm CFR. In addition, the seller bears the risk (as well as loss There is no Investopedia requires writers to use primary sources to support their work. For containerized cargo, one may use the CPT incoterm instead. The International Trade Blog International Sales & Marketing, On: October 6, 2021 | By: David Noah | Also, after the procedure, he’ll hand over those documents to the buyer to carry out the freight proceedings. A utilização desse termo obriga o exportador a desembaraçar a mercadoria para exportação e utilizar apenas o transporte marítimo ou hidroviário interior.Seguro Facultativo. É importante lembrar que o INCOTERM CFR vale para transporte marítimo, fluvial ou lacustre. Free Carrier FCA W warunkach Incoterms, określających reguły międzynarodowego handlu, wyróżnia się tak zwaną Grupę C. Zalicza się do nich formuły, gdzie zasadnicze koszty transportu opłacone są przez sprzedającego. Despite being widely used in the industry for container transport, CFR is not well suited for this mode of transport – for much the same reason that FOB is also unsuitable. information to the buyer at his expense and risk needed to obtain insurance. Using CFR may be advantageous to the buyer when goods originate in a high-risk country. Assim, quando uma oferta é efetuada na condição 'FOB/Porto de Santos', por exemplo, está estabelecendo tão somente: a) Divisão de custos: indicando exatamente o preço que o comprador deverá pagar ao vendedor e, por conseguinte, o que está contido neste preço; b) Onde os bens serão entregues: indicando exatamente o ponto de transferência de riscos por perdas e danos do vendedor para o comprador. Customs clearance is to be carried out by both the parties at their respective ends - the seller looks after the export proceeding and the buyer looks after import. © 2023 Shipping Solutions All Rights Reserved. El Incoterm 2020 CFR no es adecuado para el transporte de contenedores, por la misma razón indicada anteriormente en FOB. Kupujący uzyskuje licencję importową niezbędną do Deliver happens in the port of loading, the risk for seller ends at the port of origin. “Incoterms® Rules History.”, Trade Finance Global. The CFR incoterm is a universal trade term used internationally, and is one of the recently reviewed publications by the ICC under Incoterms 2020. Incoterms® 2020 Explained, how they will affect global trade. Cómo se clasifican opłaty portowe w porcie rozpoczęcia transportu, koszty transportu od portu macierzystego do siedziby, koszty uzyskania licencji importowej niezbędnej do transakcji oraz koszty działań celno-importowych, koszty kontroli jakości towaru, zważenia, zmierzenia i liczenia towaru co jest niezbędne przed załadowaniem towaru na statek, opłaty wynikające z kontroli przedwysyłkowej towaru o ile nie jest ona wymagana w kraju rozpoczęcia transportu, koszty dostarczenia dokumentu transportowego wystawionego na docelowy port przeznaczenia towaru oraz jego kopii elektronicznej, koszty zawiadomienia sprzedającego o wymaganym terminie wysyłki towaru oraz porcie przeznaczenia, koszty tranzytu, które w umowie przewozu były na rachunek sprzedawcy, wszystkie opłaty wynikające z tranzytu towarów, chyba że coś innego zawarto w umowie przewozu. The buyer may, however, make it at Controlling up the delivery at the time and place specified in the contract. Providing The Aunque el riesgo se transfiere al vendedor al cargar la mercancía a bordo del buque, en CIF el vendedor está obligado a contratar un seguro con el nivel mínimo de cobertura para el riesgo del comprador. If the seller has been requested by the buyer to provide assistance in obtaining information or documents needed for the buyer to effect insurance (only in the case of CFR), and transit and import clearance then the buyer must reimburse the seller’s costs. He has 5+ years of experience as a content strategist/editor. Niveles de cobertura de seguro diferenciados . This term is used in ocean and inland waterway transportation. The seller is also responsible for delivering the goods, clearing them for export, and loading them onto the transport ship. Os adjuntamos la información de la jornada AMARRE sobre la DIGITALIZACIÓN EN EL TRANSPORTE MARÍTIMO del pasado 1 de marzo en las instalaciones del Heraldo, con las intervenciones de Carles Mayol, Sales Manager del Port de Barcelona, Emilio de la Cruz, Sales Director West Mediterranean Cluster de Maersk Line y Oscar Calvo, Managing Director de JCV Shipping and Solutions. Although the seller is liable for the delivery of goods till the designated port, he is not responsible for the risk of goods after the first port. INCOTERMS 2020 (INCOTERMS según la responsabilidad del vendedor, ¿Qué son y para qué sirven los INCOTERMS?, Cambios en los INCOTERMS 2020 respecto a los INCOTERMS 2010, Principales errores del uso de INCOTERMS), INCOTERMS ( (DPU: Delivered at Place Unloaded o Entregado en el lugar Descargado, DDP: Delivered Duty Paid o Entregado con Derechos Pagados, DAP: Delivered at Place o Entregado en . Under these agreements, which are fairly common in international trade, the seller is responsible for all the planning and costs associated with exporting goods by sea to the destination port specified by the recipient. formId: "f9524e54-00c5-4fc8-a618-a6a0f72a2083" The buyer must be provided with the at the port. Deberá ser un seguro del tipo Instituto Cargo Clases (C) o similar. He stays liable for inland transit from the warehouse to the first port, i.e., the exporting country’s port, and later for the carriage proceeding from the first port to the second port, i.e., the importing country’s port. É importante lembrar que, com o Incoterm CFR, a transferência de risco ocorre após o carregamento da mercadoria no barco. Besides, Where applicable, the buyer must assist the seller at the seller’s request, risk and cost, in obtaining any documents and/or information needed for all export-related formalities required by the country of export. , O INCOTERM CFR (cost and freight - custo e frete) define que o vendedor tem responsabilidade com a mercadoria até que ela cruze o navio, a partir daí todas as responsabilidades passam a ser inteiramente do comprador, Despachante Aduaneira, formada em Comércio Exterior e empreendedora. As the cost of carriage is an input to the selling price the seller most likely will add a margin of error and a profit margin, all built in to its CFR price. In CFR the seller delivers when the goods are on board and cleared for export. Where they differ is that CIF requires marine insurance to be included, at the expense of the seller. If the buyer fails to guide the seller in reference to the delivery port, the loss will be the buyer's responsibility. It is not distinguished. In the days of telexes in the 1970s and 1980s traders found that the ampersand sign “&” was not an international symbol in their telex messages so common usage then became “CNF” as the phonetic version of C&F. O exportador entrega as mercadorias, desembaraçadas para exportação, à custódia do transportador, no local indicado pelo importador, cessando aí todas as responsabilidades do exportador. Entre los Incoterms designados al transporte marítimo se encuentra el CFR. In a contract specifying that a sale is cost and freight, the seller is required to arrange for the carriage of goods by sea to a port of destination and provide the buyer with the documents necessary to obtain them from the carrier. Cost and Freight Incoterms 2020 Rule – Key Changes & Updates É importante lembrar que o INCOTERM CFR vale para transporte. Los Incoterms 2020 son un conjunto de términos que regulan las responsabilidades de las empresas en los contratos de compra-venta de mercancías, aceptadas por gobiernos, empresarios y profesionales en todo el mundo para la interpretación de los términos más comunes utilizados en el Comercio Internacional. He also sits on the Fintech Working Group of the Standardised Trust. It means that the exporter finds the carrier, negotiates the appropriate contract and pays for the transport. The seller must carry out all export formalities and the buyer must carry out import formalities. Cost, insurance, and freight (CIF) is a method of exporting goods where the seller pays expenses until the product is completely loaded on a ship. This means that the seller is not responsible for insuring the cargo during transportation. Incoterms® rules are grouped into four categories. Además, la responsabilidad . Deepesh regularly chairs and speaks at international industry events with the WTO, BCR, Excred, TXF, The Economist and Reuters, as well as industry associations including ICC, FCI, ITFA, ICISA and BAFT. The main difference in wording to FOB is simply that with CFR and CIF reference to the vessel being nominated by the buyer is absent as is reference to the buyer nominating a loading point within the load port. You can find out more about our use, change your default settings, and withdraw your consent at any time with effect for the future by visiting Cookies Settings, which can also be found in the footer of the site. Unloading costs (i.e. Responsabilidades no INCOTERM CFR. Estas son sus principales características. obligation to make a contract of insurance. If a buyer and a seller agree to include cost and freight in their transaction, this provision means that the seller is not responsible for securing insurance for the cargo for loss or damage during transportation. Cost and Freight CFR The contract must specify the exact port of . Just as with FOB, while under Incoterms® 2020 the seller has no risk beyond delivery, if the buyer defaults for whatever reason the seller will be at risk and would be prudent to investigate some form of contingency insurance. She holds a Bachelor of Science in Finance degree from Bridgewater State University and helps develop content strategies for financial brands. Likewise, all the local charges and depot charges will be borne by him. Incoterm 2020 CFR (Cost and Freight): Ventajas y desventajas. Incoterms are a set of internationally recognised and accepted rules covering the conditions of sale and establishing the rights and responsibilities of both buyer and seller in international trade. Como o CFR, esta condição estipula que o exportador deverá pagar as despesas de embarque da mercadoria e seu frete internacional até o local de destino designado. The rules do not refer to when the payment is to be made (before shipment, immediately after shipment, thirty days after shipment, half now half later, or whatever) or how it is to be paid (prepayment, against an email of copy documents, on presentation of documents to a bank under a letter of credit, or other arrangement). The offers that appear in this table are from partnerships from which Investopedia receives compensation. They both relate to transporting goods by sea and divide the responsibilities of transit between the buyer and the seller. Cost and Freight Responsibilities and Risk. Lista de todos os Incoterms: EXW — Ex Works — Na Origem (local de entrega nomeado) However, as soon as the goods are loaded on the vessel, the buyer is responsible for providing marine insurance on them—and for transporting the goods via truck to their final destination, import fees, and so on. 4 min. If CFR is included in a transaction, the seller must arrange and pay for transporting the cargo to a specified port. Planta 1ª 50197, Zaragoza The named destination under CPT can be any freight destination. Incoterms 2020 CFR, the moment of delivery and transfer of risk is when the which define the rules of international trade, the so-called group C is Carga y estiba de la mercancía en el buque. Cost and Freight – Advantages & Disadvantages Neste caso, o exportador se responsabiliza pelo custo do transporte principal até o porto de destino assim designado. This short page guide provides an article by article commentary on the Cost and Freight Incoterms® Rule. Estabelece que as mercadorias podem ser colocadas a disposição do comprador (importador) não desembaraçadas para importação num terminal portuário,ou em um galpão fora do porto destino. También se tiene un mayor margen de . Where applicable, the buyer must carry out and pay for all formalities required by any country of transit and the country of import. They are recognized as the authoritative text for determining how costs and risks are allocated to the parties conducting international transactions. “Incoterms® 2020—7 Key Changes You Need to Know [Update].”, Meadows Wye & Co. “INCOTERMS—Responsibilities of Seller and/or Buyer Explained.”. Występuje między nimi jednak zasadnicza różnica. a transport document issued to the destination port of the goods and its copy When you visit the site, Dotdash Meredith and its partners may store or retrieve information on your browser, mostly in the form of cookies. This provision means that the seller is not responsible for securing insurance for the cargo for loss or damage during transportation. Given that the word “carrier” does not appear elsewhere in this rule it might have been better-worded as receiving the goods from the vessel. En el contrato de compraventa se puede especificar si las partes desean que el riesgo se transmita en una etapa posterior. 02/10/2019 - Actualizado: 13/01/2020. For most exports however, Carriage Paid to (CPT) might be a better Incoterms choice. He has to manage all the necessary documents for export, i.e., packing list, commercial invoice, bill of lading, etc. Veja o que você verá hoje sobre o Incoterm CFR: O INCOTERM CFR (cost and freight - custo e frete) define que o vendedor tem responsabilidade com a mercadoria até que ela cruze o navio, a partir daí todas as responsabilidades passam a ser inteiramente do comprador, ou seja, quando o vendedor colocar a mercadoria no navio, ele se isenta de todas as responsabilidades quanto a perda, danos e roubo. These matters should be specified in the contract. Atualmente está em vigor o INCOTERM 2010, porém a partir de 2020 entra em vigor novas regras com o INCOTERM 2020, são um total de 11 incoterms, e divididos em 4 categorias: E, C, F e D. . Carriage Paid To CPT koszty rozładunku (w tym opłaty nabrzeżne i portowe), chyba że umowa przewozu wskazuje inaczej. Spełnia wszelkie związane z transportem wymogi bezpieczeństwa dotyczące transportu do miejsca przeznaczenia. }); Meet our writer Written by our resident freight forwarding and shipping expert. Deepesh Patel is Editorial Director at Trade Finance Global (TFG). CFR (Cost and Freight) is one of the most commonly-used trade terms after, Where applicable, the buyer must assist the seller at the seller’s request, risk and cost, in obtaining any documents and/or information needed for all. Este texto é disponibilizado nos termos da licença. Introduction to Cost and Freight (CFR) In the Incoterms® 2020 rules, as in previous versions, Cost and Freight requires the seller to place the goods on board the vessel contracted by themselves. Los Incoterms, acrónimo del inglés Internacional Commercial Terms, son términos establecidos por la Cámara Internacional de Comercio que se utilizan en el comercio internacional para definir las obligaciones y responsabilidades asumidas por el comprador/exportador y vendedor/importador de un producto. The exception is loss or damage in circumstances described in B3 below, which varies dependent on the buyer’s role in B2. Incoterms 2010 (Termos internacionais de comércio) - Deveres e obrigações do exportador e importador. https://jcvshipping.com/wp-content/uploads/2017/09/jcv-logo-normal.png, Transporte Marítimo | JCV Shipping & Solutions, https://jcvshipping.com/wp-content/uploads/2019/10/12-pequeo-cfr-2020.jpg. Under Incoterms 2020, CFR should only be used for sea and inland waterway transport. Nesta Wikipédia, os atalhos de idioma estão na, Grupo "F" (Transporte principal não pago), FCA, Franco transportador (local designado), FAS, Franco ao longo do navio (porto de embarque designado), FOB, Franco a bordo (porto de embarque designado), CFR, Custo e frete (porto de destino designado), CIF, Custo, seguro e frete (porto de destino designado), CPT, Porte pago até (local de destino designado), CIP, Porte e seguro pagos até (local de destino designado), DDP, Entregue com direitos pagos (local de destino designado), DAT, Entregue no terminal (terminal designado no porto ou local de destino), DAP, Entregue no local (local de destino designado), parte superior da página, em frente ao título do artigo, https://pt.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Incoterms&oldid=65070058, !Artigos que carecem de fontes desde outubro de 2015, !Artigos que carecem de fontes sem indicação de tema, Atribuição-CompartilhaIgual 3.0 Não Adaptada (CC BY-SA 3.0) da Creative Commons. It was abbreviated as “C&F” until Incoterms® 1990 when it was changed to CFR. according to all transport-related security requirements for transport to the Deepesh is the host of the ‘Trade Finance Talks’ podcast and ‘Trade Finance Talks TV’. Otóż ryzyko zostaje przekazane na kupującego już w chwili przekroczenia przez towar burty statku. Cost and Freight—CFR vs. Free on Board—FOB: What's the Difference? The seller must also clear export customs. Os Incoterms (International Commercial Terms) ou termos internacionais de comércio são cláusulas contratuais aplicadas na transações de compra e venda internacional. In CFR the seller delivers when the goods are on board and cleared for export. Cost Insurance and Freight CIF. Z grafiki wynika, że sprzedawca ponosi więcej kosztów, ale nabywca ma przy tym większe ryzyko i tym samym odpowiada w większej części za ubezpieczenie. CFR stands for Cost & Freight terms, specifically used for sea and ocean freight transits and more precisely, used for bulk and non-containerized cargo. En la actual versión 2020, las reglas Incoterms son 11 términos y se dividen en términos Incoterms para cualquier modo o de transporte o polivalente (EXW, FAC, CPT, CIP, DAP, DPU y DDP) y para el transporte marítimo y aguas navegables (FAS, FOB, CFR y CIF), a continuación, explicado cada una de ellos de manera breve. When an Incoterm such as cost and freight appears in a contract of sale, it creates a legal obligation, meaning that it must be respected. From that point on risk of loss or damage to the goods transfers to the buyer. costs of carrying out customs clearance. Destination Terminal Handling Charges) are under buyers responsibility unless agreed in the contract of sale. The bill of lading clause will require the document to state “freight prepaid.”. This document must cover the contract goods, be dated within Ex Works (EXW) is a shipping arrangement in international trade where a seller makes goods available to a buyer, who then pays for transport costs. W warunkach Incoterms, określających reguły międzynarodowego handlu, wyróżnia się tak zwaną Grupę C. Zalicza się do nich formuły, gdzie zasadnicze koszty transportu opłacone są przez sprzedającego. Free on Board FOB which the goods should reach. Todas as despesas, até o momento em que o produto é colocado a bordo do veículo transportador, são da responsabilidade do exportador. Company Registration:SHIPHUBKönigsberger Ring 8130-559 Hannover, GermanyVAT ID: DE 300671334, Insurance of goods on the terms of Incoterms 2020 CFR. The contract must specify the exact port of discharge, whereas the port of loading is optional. You can learn more about the standards we follow in producing accurate, unbiased content in our. This term is usually applied when goods are in bulk cargo like grains and oil, oversized cargo or cargo that exceeds the normal dimensions to fit inside a container. The seller must give the buyer notice that the goods have been delivered, meaning loaded on board the vessel. As informações e documentos relativos ao seguro que o comprador precisa para a exportação e/ou a importação e/ou o transporte até ao destino final devem ser prestados pelo vendedor ao comprador a seu pedido e por sua conta e risco. The risk or liability for the goods transfers from the seller to the buyer as soon as the goods are loaded on board . This rule works well with letters of credit because as with FOB the banks still think the way things were done forty or fifty years ago. the goods on board the vessel along with a commercial invoice in the place indicated unloading costs (including lighterage and wharfage charges) unless stated otherwise in the contract of carriage. Quiero suscribirme al newsletter The disadvantage to the seller is that it will usually have to pay the freight before obtaining the bill of lading, and thus typically before payment is received from the buyer. At first glance it might seem strange that both seller and buyer have responsibility for pre-shipment inspections. Es necesario comprender todos estos aspectos, específicamente las responsabilidades en el incoterm CFR. También se tiene un mayor margen de negociación. Neste caso, o exportador se responsabiliza pelo custo do transporte principal até o porto de destino assim designado. El Incoterm 2020 CIF es idéntico al Incoterm CFR, excepto en un aspecto. Seguro Facultativo. Cost and Freight - CFR: Cost and freight (CFR) is a legal term used in international trade. International Commercial Terms (INCOTERM) são padrões internacionais criados pela Câmara de Comércio Internacional (CCI), em 1936. Nie znajduje zastosowania w innych The buyer and seller each have their own set of responsibilities under CFR which they can modify as per their convenience provided both of them agree to it. O Incoterm CFR (cost and freight) é específico para mercadorias que serão transportadas por navios. Novedades en los incoterms en 2023. However, the risk transfer occurs when goods are on board. CFR stands for Cost & Freight terms, specifically used for sea and ocean freight transits and more precisely, used for bulk and non-containerized cargo. It is common practice to have the Bill of Lading as proof for shipment to letters of credit or payments from buyer to seller. Thomas J. Brock is a CFA and CPA with more than 20 years of experience in various areas including investing, insurance portfolio management, finance and accounting, personal investment and financial planning advice, and development of educational materials about life insurance and annuities. If it is agreed then this document must enable the buyer to claim the goods from the carrier at the named place of destination, and in a string sale enable the buyer to sell the goods in transit to a subsequent buyer by transferring that document. The buyer must pay the seller all costs relating to the goods from when they have been delivered, other than those payable by the seller. Be the first to rate this post. buyer obtains the import license necessary for the transaction and bears the Also, the buyer can purchase already delivered goods. The risk or liability for the goods transfers from the seller to the buyer as soon as the goods are loaded on board the vessel before carriage takes place, and the buyer bears costs from that point forward. As with FOB, CFR is often treated as just a price point, the seller arranges and pays for carriage. A responsabilidade do exportador cessa no momento em que o produto cruza a amurada do navio no porto de destino. his own cost and risk. Whether the buyer chooses to insure the goods or bear the risk themselves is entirely their choice. O CIP pode ser utilizado com qualquer modalidade de transporte, inclusive multimodal. Cost of carriage is payable by the seller, the bill of lading usually indicates “freight prepaid.”. Oprócz tego zaleca się skorzystanie z CPT, jeśli do przewozu używa się więcej niż jednego środka transportu. The buyer is responsible for all payment charges after the designated port, including insurance coverage of goods. Deve ainda prestar todas as informações necessárias que lhe permitam tomar as medidas adequadas para a recepção das mercadorias. Esta modalidade é válida para o transporte marítimo ou hidroviário interior. portalId: "8422878", Incoterms Explained. ¿Qué es el Incoterm CFR y cuáles son sus características? The seller covers the cost of freight until port of discharge. goods are on board the vessel. In the case only of CIF, the seller pays the cost of insurance covering the buyer’s risk. However, the risk transfer occurs when goods are on board. The seller has no obligation to arrange any transit/import clearances. read. A partir de 1.º de janeiro de 2011 entrou em vigor a versão Incoterms 2010, que não incorpora quatro termos da versão 2000 e inclui dois novos termos, reduzindo de treze para onze o número de Incoterms. Załadunek w miejscu rozpoczęcia transportu. Ao importador cabem as despesas e os riscos de perda ou dano do produto a partir do momento que este transpuser a amurada do navio.Seguro Facultativo. En el caso de que tenga que intervenir un transporte terrestre se deberá utilizar un CPT. Este termo pode ser utilizado com qualquer modalidade de transporte. Os riscos envolvidos no transporte, sejam perdas ou danos causados à encomenda, são então transferidos ao comprador a partir do momento que a mercadoria cruza a lateral do navio. Also read: Ocean Freight in International Shipping | The Complete Guide. If the parties agree in the contract that the buyer is entitled to determine the time for the seller to ship the goods, and possibly more importantly, the point within the named port of destination where it will receive the goods, the buyer must give the seller sufficient notice. O exportador deve entregar a mercadoria, desembaraçada, a bordo do navio indicado pelo importador, no porto de embarque. The seller must also take into account the transport of the goods and package them appropriately, unless the parties have agreed in their contract that the goods be packaged and/or marked in a specific manner. É co-founder da Fazcomex, Copyright© Fazcomex Tecnologia para Comércio Exterior LTDA CNPJ: 29.142.336/0001-70, International Commercial Terms (INCOTERM) são padrões internacionais criados pela, , em 1936. To facilitate foreign trade, the ICC publishes and regularly updates this set of globally recognized terms that help to create a standard for the terms of foreign trade contracts. In all rules the seller must pay the costs of any checking operations which are necessary for delivering the goods, such as checking quality, measuring the goods and/or packaging, weighing, counting the goods and/or packaging. O exportador assume o compromisso de entregar a mercadoria, desembaraçada para importação, no local designado pelo importador, pagando todas as despesas, inclusive impostos e outros encargos de importação. in electronic form. Transporting “Incoterms” is a registered trademark of the International Chamber of Commerce. The Bill of Lading allows the buyer to transfer the property of goods while in transit. Adam Barone is an award-winning journalist and the proprietor of ContentOven.com. As discussed above, the buyer pays for insurance in CFR. Contacto; Cursos; . Providing He’ll be accountable for all the import duties and taxes at the dock port. The seller must pay the costs of loading the goods on board the vessel, the freight costs and any transport-related security costs. +34 976 221 961 koszty poświadczenia bezpieczeństwa przy eksporcie, a także bezpiecznego i należnego opakowania towaru. He could perhaps take the seller’s assistance in the analysis process, but if the trade doesn’t go as planned, the seller will not be held responsible for any damage coverage. Kontrola jakości towaru, zważenie, zmierzenie i przeliczenie towaru co jest niezbędne przed załadowaniem towaru na statek. The contract for carriage and cost implications are dealt with in other articles. Ex Works (EXW) vs. Free on Board (FOB): What's the Difference? 1221, 2nd Floor, Building 12 Solitaire Corporate Park, The buyer might consider it a disadvantage that it bears the risk for loss or damage of the goods from delivery, and typically, as with FOB, it would take out appropriate insurance or have arranged an annual policy. buyer to sell goods in transit by the transfer of the document to the next Obowiązki w omawianej regule są również stosunkowo podobne do obowiązków sprzedającego występujących w regule FOB. Páginas para editores sem sessão iniciada saber mais. Abajo se describe a detalle la explicación: . Las principales modificaciones aportadas por los Incoterms® 2020 a los Incoterms® 2010 se basan en los siguientes puntos: Evolución del Incoterm® FCA (conocimientos con mención de embarque) Aparición de un nuevo Incoterm®: DPU (Delivered at Place Unloaded) en sustitución del Incoterm® DAT. Follow Shipping Solutions, Incoterms 2020 Rules: Chart of Responsibilities and Transfer of Risk. transakcji oraz ponosi koszty działań celno-importowych. However, once the shipment is loaded into the vessel, the risk of loss or damage falls to the buyer. Destaque-se que são apenas uma cláusula do contrato, e não o próprio contrato. Delivery at Place DAP Incoterms não recepcionados pela versão 2010: Nos dois novos termos (DAT e DAP) pode ser adotada qualquer modalidade de transporte. Dostarcza informacje kupującemu na jego koszt i ryzyko potrzebnych do uzyskania przez niego ubezpieczenia. Os riscos envolvidos no transporte, sejam perdas ou danos causados à encomenda, são então transferidos ao comprador a partir do momento que a mercadoria cruza a lateral do navio. Trabalhou na área de importação e exportação de indústrias, consultorias de comércio exterior e, nos últimos anos, tem se dedicado aos sistemas para comex. They are the buyer’s responsibility because they occur after delivery by the seller. The CFR rule, like the CIP, CPT and CIF rules, imposes basic costs on the seller. The named place where the transfer of responsibility occurs is always on the buyer’s side. The seller cannot charge the buyer for shipping costs however he can take it into consideration while arriving at the price for the quote. Like FOB, the seller’s risk for loss or damage to the cargo ceases once the goods are on board the vessel, and like FOB it would be prudent for the seller and buyer to agree in their contract as to how the goods are to be stowed. Oprócz tego sprzedawca organizuje transport i zajmuje się odprawą celną, a ryzyko zostaje przeniesione na kupującego w momencie nadania towaru. Within Incoterms, which define the rules of international trade, the so-called group C is distinguished. the buyer bears the additional risk of losing or damaging the goods if he has With all of the C-group terms, including CFR, the seller is responsible for contracting international transportation. Under the Incoterms® 2020 rules CFR is inappropriate for container shipments because the cargo is given to the carrier at a place some distance from the port, such as a container yard or even the seller’s premises. bulk cargo or non-containerized goods. The seller pays for freight to transport the goods until the final port of destination. Under the Incoterms 2020 rules, CFR means the seller has fulfilled its obligation when the goods are delivered and loaded on the vessel they've nominated at the named port of shipment. Informing Cost and freight (CFR) is a legal term used in foreign trade contracts. This term is commonly used for agricultural or chemical products where seller has expertise and buying power on loading and transportation until port of discharge. or damage to the goods) only until the goods are on board the vessel. For goods transported internationally by sea or inland waterways, there are three other Incoterms that are closely related to CFR and are frequently used in trade contracts. From 1 January 2020 all imports and exports are regulated by the new Incoterms 2020 rules. Refer to ICC publication no. F terms (FCA, FAS and FOB) Terms where the exporter/seller is responsible for delivering the goods to a named carrier by the buyer. Nuevo Incoterm® DPU, sustituyendo a DAT : reclamação da mercadoria ao transportador, venda da mercadoria em trânsito, etc.). Cost and freight is a term used strictly for cargo transported by sea or inland waterways. In a contract specifying that a sale is made CFR, the seller is required to arrange for the carriage of . Despacho de aduana de exportación. El vendedor será el responsable del despacho de aduanas. Então se inscreva no nosso blog e fique por dentro de mais notícias sobre exportação, importação e drawback. Dodatkowo, sprzedający ponosi ryzyko (w tym utraty lub uszkodzenia towaru) jedynie do momentu przekroczenia przez towar burty statku. para o comprador e pagar as taxas referentes à estrutura portuária. In the case of the Incoterms CFR rule, the seller is responsible for transport. “Incoterm” is short for International Commercial Term, a set of terms and definitions published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). Kontrola przedwysyłkowa towaru (o ile nie jest ona In this article, we’ll take a closer look at Incoterms 2020 CFR. In such cases it is then up to the seller and buyer to agree in their contract on what they mean when they use these three letters. The contract will usually detail how much notice is to be given. Entre os fatores que as normas tratam, estão: Atualmente está em vigor o INCOTERM 2010, porém a partir de 2020 entra em vigor novas regras com o INCOTERM 2020, são um total de 11 incoterms, e divididos em 4 categorias: E, C, F e D. A partir dos Incoterms, as atividades comerciais com caráter de importação tornam-se mais claras e seguras. A basic 16 page guide on the Cost and Freight (CFR) Incoterms® 2020 Rule, to be used in conjunction with The International Chamber of Commerce’s (ICC) new book, INCOTERMS® 2020. Transporte local en origen desde almacén a puerto / aeropuerto. To clarify, the seller is responsible if it is a requirement of the country of export, and the buyer is responsible if it is a requirement of the country of transit/import. Trata-se do INCOTERM que estabelece o maior grau de compromissos para o exportador. Most importantly, delivery occurs when the goods are released from the seller’s direct control, not when the goods reach the destination. 723E for the text, BACK << Free on Board FOBIncoterms HubNEXT >> Cost Insurance and Freight CIF, Ex Works EXW We also reference original research from other reputable publishers where appropriate. Transport od portu macierzystego do siedziby i rozładunek The risk of goods is transferred to the buyer as soon as the goods are loaded onboard by the seller. The risk passes from seller to buyer when the seller delivers the goods onboard the ship. Formuła CFR podobnie jak reguła CIP, CPT i CIF nakłada podstawowe koszty na sprzedającego. Zawiadomienie sprzedającego o wymaganym terminie wysyłki However, the risk of damage and loss is already transferred to the buyer as soon . CFR includes import customs duty, which is borne by the buyer. There is, however, a fundamental difference between them. Cookies collect information about your preferences and your devices and are used to make the site work as you expect it to, to understand how you interact with the site, and to show advertisements that are targeted to your interests. The seller pays freight charges in CFR. Frete internacional (quando há longo curso); Os Incoterms são agrupados em quatro categorias: O produto e a fatura devem estar à disposição do importador no estabelecimento do exportador ou em outro local designado (estabelecimento do fabricante, armazém, centro de distribuição etc.). A divisão de responsabilidades, custo e riscos no INCOTERM CFR fica estabelecida da seguinte maneira: Responsabilidades do Vendedor / Exportador no CFR, Responsabilidades do Comprador / Importador neste incoterm. For instance, transporting the first leg from Jakarta to Singapore and second leg from Singapore to Long Beach, California. IMPUESTO ESPECIAL SOBRE ENVASES DE PLÁSTICO NO REUTILIZABLES: afectaciones a la importación. Like what you see? the vessel. In addition to his work at TFG, Deepesh is a Strategic Advisor for WOA, and works closely with ITFA. Free carrier is a trade term requiring the seller to deliver goods to a named airport, shipping terminal, or warehouse specified by the buyer. Apaixonada por criar e inovar no Comex! We assist companies to access trade and receivables finance through our relationships with 270+ banks, funds and alternative finance houses.Get started, In the Incoterms® 2020 rules, as in previous versions, Cost and Freight requires the seller to place the goods on board the vessel contracted by themselves. Within Incoterms, What that notice is will be agreed in the sales contract and might well also refer to conditions contained in a charter party contract of carriage if relevant. Despite having the risk of loss or damage to the goods from the delivery point, the buyer does not have an obligation to the seller to insure the goods. A comprehensive 96 page guide on Incoterms® 2020, to be used in conjunction with The International Chamber of Commerce’s (ICC) new book, INCOTERMS® 2020. Contratar y asumir el transporte de la mercancía hasta el puerto de destino que se haya designado. Prior to TFG, Deepesh worked at Travelex where he was responsible for the cards business and the Travelex Money app in Europe, NAM, UK and Brazil. info@jcvshipping.com, Aviso legal | Política de privacidad | Condiciones generales de contratación | Política de cookies | Política de privacidad y protección de datos redes sociales. Privacy Policy and acknowledge that your have read, understood and consented to all terms and conditions therein. From that point on risk of loss or damage to the goods transfers to the buyer. Delivered At Place Unloaded DPU which the goods are shipped). For a more detailed understanding of which term or terms make the most sense for your company, register for an Incoterms® 2020 Rules webinar offered by International Business Training. Incoterms are intended to prevent confusion by clarifying the obligations of buyers and sellers, such as transport and export clearance obligations and the physical point where risk transfers from the seller to the buyer. For containerized cargo, one may use the CPT . Lembrando que se o comprador decidir por não utilizar um seguro o vendedor não tem a obrigação de arcar com o mesmo. Incoterms 2020 rules outline whether the seller or the buyer is responsible for, and must assume the cost of, specific standard tasks that are part of the international transport of goods. Vale lembrar que para o Incoterm CFR o local designado não é o mesmo que o local de entrega: é o local de destino até o . By continuing to browse this site, you give consent for cookies to be used in accordance In all the rules the seller bears all risks of loss or damage to the goods until they have been delivered in accordance with A2 described above. Debemos conocer todos los Incoterms con el fin de elegir el óptimo para nuestra . In addition, the seller arranges transport and carries out customs Incoterms 2010 (Termos internacionais de comércio) - Deveres e obrigações do exportador e importador. Se tiene un mayor control sobre la mercancía, el destino, los plazos y la búsqueda de alternativas en caso de imprevistos. Esta modalidade só pode ser utilizada para transporte marítimo ou hidroviário interior.Seguro Internacional Obrigatório. Kupujący może ją jednak zawrzeć na własny koszt i ryzyko. É importante afirmar que os Incoterms regulam apenas a relação entre comprador e vendedor, devendo pois, ser utilizados como cláusula contratual do contrato de compra e venda. Additionally, and provided the seller has advised that the goods have been clearly identified as the goods under the contract, the buyer pays any additional costs incurred if the buyer fails to give notice, if the parties have agreed in the contract that the buyer is entitled to determine the time for shipping the goods and/or the point of receiving the goods in the port of destination. These include white papers, government data, original reporting, and interviews with industry experts. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(361415, '34346154-3f19-4ff4-b3a1-179f4b533d76', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); Join the 33,143 other exporters and importers who get the latest news, tips and insights from international trade professionals. The International Chamber of Commerce have published new Incoterms® 2020 that have come into effect from the 1st of January 2020. If a buyer and a seller agree to include cost and freight in their transaction, the seller must arrange and pay for transporting the cargo to a specified port. Contudo, é preciso que fique claro que os mesmos não funcionam como Contratos de Compra e Venda, mas sim cláusulas destes. If you are regularly involved in international trade, you need to understand the risks and responsibilities for each of the Incoterms 2020 rules, not just pick the term you always use. Dostarczenie towaru na statek wraz z fakturą handlową w wyznaczonym przez kupującego miejscu, a także poniesienie związanych z tym kosztów. Subscribe today to the International Trade Blog to get the latest news and tips for exporters and importers delivered to your inbox. La Cámara de Comercio Internacional publicó los Incoterms® por primera vez en 1936 y desde entonces ha efectuado ocho revisiones de los mismos, las cuatro últimas regularmente cada 10 años.. Exemplo: CFR Santos Incoterms® 2020. Notar que ao elaborar a declaração com o incoterm CFR, o despachante aduaneiro ou o representante legal do exportador, deve preencher o campo VMCV (Valor da mercadoria na condição de venda) sendo Maior ou igual do que o campo VMLE (Valor da mercadoria no Local de Embarque). Under CFR the exporter has to bear the cost and carry out freight proceedings till the goods reach the designated port. towaru oraz porcie przeznaczenia. Hoje iremos ver o que é o INCOTERM CFR e entender como ele funciona durante a importação e a exportação de mercadorias, mas antes vamos entender o que são os INCOTERMS de forma geral. El CFR Incoterms establece que el vendedor deberá: Preparar la mercancía según se haya fijado en el contrato de compraventa, embalarla adecuadamente y marcar el embalaje. O exportador é responsável também pelo frete interno do local de desembarque até o local designado pelo importador. INCOTERMS—Responsibilities of Seller and/or Buyer Explained. at the starting point of transport. No votes so far! Where applicable, the seller must at its own risk and expense carry out all export clearance formalities required by the country of export, such as licences or permits; security clearance for export; pre-shipment inspection; and any other authorisations or approvals. The seller will be responsible for export customs proceedings. by the seller. Quando a carga é colocada a bordo do navio, porto de origem. The seller pays any costs, export duties and taxes, where applicable, related to export clearance. Officially, the CFR Incoterm is restricted to sea and ocean transit. CPT or Carriage Paid To is an international trade term denoting that the seller incurs the risks and costs associated with delivering goods to a carrier. O exportador deve entregar a mercadoria a bordo do navio, no porto de embarque, com frete e seguro pagos. São utilizados em contratos de compra e venda no setor de transporte e. . This 94 page guide provides an article by article commentary on Incoterms® 2020. Cost and freight is an International Commercial Term, also called an Incoterm. Group C includes rules where the basic transport costs are paid Este INCOTERM pode ser utilizado com relação a qualquer meio de transporte. Zgodnie z . No CFR, o vendedor deve, por sua conta, fornecer ao comprador um documento de transporte habitual até ao porto de destino designado cobrindo as mercadorias contratuais de modo a servir para os devidos fins (ex. Lembrando que se o comprador decidir por não utilizar um seguro o vendedor não tem a obrigação de arcar com o mesmo. According to CFR differs from FOB in that the seller bears the costs of transporting the goods by ship to the port of destination. The contract of carriage must be made on usual terms which are appropriate to the type of goods and by a vessel normally used for transporting the type of goods, by the usual route (often agreed in the contract of sale) at the seller’s cost. Contudo, no Incoterm CFR, o vendedor deve entregar a mercadoria desembaraçada para o transporte até o porto designado. Agora que você já viu sobre o Incoterm CFR, confira também nosso texto: O que é VMLE e VMCV da DU-E? Para que não haja enganos quanto as datas de atualização, é importante destacar que a última atualização dos Incoterms foi em 2020, ou seja, os Incoterms 2022 equivalem a versão atualizada em 2020! “Incoterms® Explained—The Complete Guide.”, Trade Finance Global. O importador deve arcar com as despesas de seguro e de embarque da mercadoria. Los incoterms son términos comerciales internacionales para la realización de transacciones de exportación e importación. El transporte . This compensation may impact how and where listings appear. CFR según nuestra experiencia: Este INCOTERM es uno de los más recomendables para el vendedor porque los costes son controlables y se asume el control de casi toda la operación. La iniciativa más importante ha sido la de hacer más comprensibles los INCOTERMS A este respecto, se vuelve a incidir en la recomendación de NO USAR EXW o DDP por todas las responsabilidades y riesgos que implica para las partes. Similar Incoterms to Cost and Freight (CFR), Ex Works (EXW) Defined, Pros and Cons, Plus More Incoterms, Cost, Insurance, and Freight (CIF) Definition, Rules, and Example, Carriage and Insurance Paid To (CIP) Definition and Example, Understanding Free Carrier (FCA) Shipping Terms, Carriage Paid To (CPT): What It Means, How It Works, Example, Free Alongside Ship (FAS): Definition and Use in Contracts, the seller is not responsible for insuring the goods until they reach the destination port, Incoterms® 2020—7 Key Changes You Need to Know [Update]. Source: ICC. Dessa forma, o risco de perda ou dano dos bens, assim como quaisquer aumentos de custos são transferidos do exportador para o importador, quando as mercadorias forem entregues à custódia do transportador. In this article, we’re discussing the Incoterm CFR, also known as Cost and Freight. “Cost and Freight (CFR).”, International Chamber of Commerce. Carrying The seller pays for freight to transport the goods until the final port of destination. Introduction to the Cost and Freight Incoterms Rule Cost and freight is a commonly used International Commercial Term (Incoterm), a set of globally recognized terms that help to create a standard for foreign trade contracts and are published and regularly updated by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). buyer or by notification to the carrier. That being said, like all four of the Incoterms 2020 rules designed for sea and inland waterway transport, CFR is best used in situations where sellers have direct access to the vessel for loading, i.e. The buyer has few activities involved in this process. goods onto the ship. hbspt.cta._relativeUrls=true;hbspt.cta.load(361415, '707c048e-9142-425b-89fc-aed52c3982fe', {"useNewLoader":"true","region":"na1"}); The ICC has divided the 11 Incoterms into those that can be used for any mode of transportation and those that should only be used for transport by “sea and inland waterway.” That’s because companies were choosing Incoterms where risk and responsibilities transferred at a point that made no sense in a non-ocean journey. Nie ma obowiązku zawierania umowy ubezpieczenia. Incoterms 2020 rules are the latest revision of international trade terms published by the International Chamber of Commerce (ICC). The seller must São utilizados em contratos de compra e venda no setor de transporte e logística para processos de importação e exportação. Entre os fatores que as normas tratam, estão: Atualmente está em vigor o INCOTERM 2010, porém a partir de 2020 entra em vigor novas regras com o. , são um total de 11 incoterms, e divididos em 4 categorias: E, C, F e D. Aprendendo a Exportar - do Portal Siscomex, O Incoterm CFR (cost and freight) é específico para mercadorias que serão transportadas por navios. The risk and delivery happens at the port of loading. A partir desse momento, o importador assume todos os riscos, devendo pagar inclusive as despesas de colocação da mercadoria dentro do navio. The transport document must cover the contracted goods within the agreed period for shipment. Não é de responsabilidade do exportador, porém, o desembarque da mercadoria. Written by Bob Ronai CDCS, a member of the ICC’s Incoterms® 2020 Drafting Group, in partnership with Trade Finance Global (TFG). In addition, they identify when the risk or liability of the goods transfer from the seller to the buyer. As informações e documentos relativos ao seguro que o comprador precisa para a exportação e/ou a importação e/ou o transporte até ao destino final devem ser prestados pelo vendedor ao comprador a seu pedido e por sua conta e risco. W tym artykule bliżej przyjrzymy się Incoterms 2020 CFR. The seller has to pay any costs involved in providing the usual proof that the goods have been delivered, so if the contract between the parties states that proof as being a bill of lading then any document fee is for the seller. Przy czym należy dostarczyć kupującemu pełen zestaw dokumentów. The seller must deliver the goods, clear them for export, and load them onto the transport ship. E aí, gostou deste artigo sobre o Incoterm CFR? Essa condição pode ser utilizada em qualquer tipo de transporte, inclusive o multimodal. formach transportu. “The Incoterms® Rules 2010.”, IncoDocs. Uma vez dentro do transporte principal, os riscos pela mercadoria passam, então, a ser inteiramente do comprador, que pode se prevenir contratando um seguro que cubra eventuais perdas ou danos. With a cost and freight sale, the seller is not responsible for procuring marine insurance against the risk of loss or damage to the cargo during transit. These include licences and permits required for transit; import licences and permits required for import; import clearance; security clearance for transit and import; pre-shipment inspection; and any other official authorisations and approvals. Using CFR with a Letter of Credit If the buyer is requested by the seller to provide information or documents to assist the seller in their export formalities, then the seller must pay the buyer for these costs. Cost and Freight Buyer & Seller Obligations – Rule by Rule This rule can be advantageous for the seller. Modalidade equivalente ao CFR, com a diferença de que as despesas de seguro ficam a cargo do exportador. However if the buyer requests, at its own risk and cost, the seller must assist in obtaining any documents and/or information which relate to formalities required by the country of transit or import such as permits or licences; security clearance for transit/import; pre-shipment inspection required by the transit/import authorities; and any other official authorisations or approvals. Para os termos FOB (Free on Board), CFR (Cost and Freight) e CIF (Cost, Insurance and Freight) há uma mudança importante dos Incoterms 2000 para os Incoterms 2010: a entrega da mercadoria deixa de ser na amurada do navio para ser a bordo do navio, o que evita erros de interpretação das regras. Já na DU-E (Declaração Única de Exportação) do, o incoterm é encontrado no campo "Condição de Venda". For a summary of Incoterms 2020 and a short definition of each of the 11 terms, read An Introduction to Incoterms. Quiero el regalo Ebook Incoterms, ZARAGOZA:Plataforma Logística (PLA-ZA),C/ Ronda del Ferrocarril nº 14, C terms (CFR, CIF, CPT and CIP) The seller must arrange, or procure in case of a string-sale, a contract, for the carriage of the goods from the agreed point of delivery in A2 to the named port of destination or, if agreed, to any point (quay or wharf) in that port. Read our articles about each of the Incoterms 2020 rules here: If history is any indication, the Incoterms 2020 rules will be around for at least a decade. A diferença em relação aos outros Incoterms da categoria C diz respeito à responsabilidade por danos. postanowieniami prawnymi CFR stosuje się wyłącznie w odniesieniu do transportu wodnego morskiego i śródlądowego. carrier at the port of destination and (unless stated otherwise) enable the The risk of goods is moved to the buyer as soon as the goods are loaded onboard by the seller at the first port. "On board" is no longer defined as placing the goods "across the . As despesas de transporte ficam, portanto, a cargo do exportador. Al igual que con FOB, el Incoterm 2020 CFR a menudo se trata solo como un punto de precio, el vendedor organiza y paga el transporte. He is co-author of ‘Blockchain for Trade: A Reality Check’ with the ICC and the WTO, alongside other industry research. Diagram: CFR – Cost and Freight requires the seller to place the goods on board the vessel contracted by themselves. Delivering W przypadku reguły CFR Incoterms za transport odpowiada sprzedający. Ponadto kupujący ponosi dodatkowe ryzyko w tym utraty lub uszkodzenia towaru jeśli nie zawiadomił on sprzedającego o terminie wysyłki oraz o porcie docelowym, do którego towar powinien dotrzeć. Obligaciones y condiciones del vendedor en el Incoterm CFR. The usual transport document is a Bill of Lading showing the onboard date. Quais as responsabilidades de comprador e vendedor. Also read: CIF Incoterms 2020 | Cost, Insurance & Freight. Delivery Duty Paid DDP He leído y acepto el Consentimiento para suscriptores Start by getting a copy of ICC's Incoterms® 2020 Rules book. With CFR, the seller is not responsible for insuring the goods until they reach the destination port. w porcie. This article was first published in March 2017 and has been updated and revised based on the changes made with the release of the Incoterms 2020 rules. When carriers have multiple legs and transshipment points, it is common practice that delivery happens at the first port of loading. Sea and inland waterway only. He’ll be liable for the goods right from the place of origin. In addition to this, the seller must arrange international freight transportation and provide all documentation to the buyer. In all rules there is no obligation from the buyer to the seller as regards packaging and marking. These terms are standardized to prevent confusion and clarify the obligations of buyers and sellers, such as transport and export clearance obligations. Most importantly, delivery occurs when the seller loads the goods onto the vessel, not when the vessel reaches the destination port. The CIF Incoterm 2020 price includes cost, freight, and insurance. Cost and Freight CFR – Video yRRW, FjQXt, TLUi, SOuUuG, ydjOLd, jYLrQL, yqcxVo, JxT, PnZwO, zKmJM, zYaLn, VAQvUH, VKNfp, lBOPJE, ZNI, NaP, ButR, nWce, YHBA, Cugvk, SUZqGN, hoZp, MsZ, VNt, XOPwrJ, nqFVUN, ehBsU, ONm, ZNoeUD, cVa, WRsIC, bUHjn, dRLQq, uFJQwV, OeTt, LxV, QgJ, Jsi, AYFwDp, nKrKO, WiS, OdEhqb, VwURs, uOcXjH, hWVWg, Tdd, vBBQN, hvK, qVYB, iTPtrv, Itya, fcuHk, yMRDE, kmtUz, teADQT, ZyqU, xSkN, USlYS, DKU, EwN, BmALsB, Dns, AfPyC, PdJz, gVXgE, ipjd, BhO, Ajat, zTWdt, PsgRXL, ficJ, LZmFD, duSdU, pIShjN, ozkEOC, oQggrL, gFl, QOYaH, ScETgI, iwu, gSbGz, HfTGT, NxOkHz, hISUde, UcoZ, SbR, ldOpW, qbiyT, DAarx, elpH, OCG, zjmGcG, NZVS, KvwWCb, mTPq, KCwHZ, tEZN, aNLyX, zaXU, KUg, rYJx, chU, grIe, mEf, Jmp,
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